第2章 THE THREE METAMORPHOSES 三种变形

ZARATHUSTRA'S SPEECH

Three metamorphoses of the spirit do I designate to you: how the spirit becometh a camel, the camel a lion, and the lion at last a child.

Many heavy things are there for the spirit, the strong load-bearing spirit in which reverence dwelleth: for the heavy and the heaviest longeth its strength.

What is heavy? so asketh the load-bearing spirit; then kneeleth it down like the camel, and wanteth to be well laden.

What is the heaviest thing, ye heroes? asketh the load-bearing spirit, that I may take it upon me and rejoice in my strength.

Is it not this: To humiliate oneself in order to mortify one's pride? To exhibit one's folly in order to mock at one's wisdom?

Or is it this: To desert our cause when it celebrateth its triumph? To ascend high mountains to tempt the tempter?

Or is it this: To feed on the acorns and grass of knowledge, and for the sake of truth to suffer hunger of soul?

Or is it this: To be sick and dismiss comforters, and make friends of the deaf, who never hear thy requests?

Or is it this: To go into foul water when it is the water of truth, and not disclaim cold frogs and hot toads?

Or is it this: To love those who despise us, and give one's hand to the phantom when it is going to frighten us?

All these heaviest things the load-bearing spirit taketh upon itself: and like the camel, which, when laden, hasteneth into the wilderness, so hasteneth the spirit into its wilderness.

But in the loneliest wilderness happeneth the second metamorphosis: here the spirit becometh a lion; freedom will it capture, and lordship in its own wilderness.

Its last Lord it here seeketh: hostile will it be to him, and to its last God; for victory will it struggle with the great dragon.

What is the great dragon which the spirit is no longer inclined to call Lord and God? "Thou-shalt, " is the great dragon called. But the spirit of the lion saith, "I will."

"Thou-shalt, " lieth in its path, sparkling with gold a scale-covered beast; and on every scale glittereth golden, "Thou shalt! "

The values of a thousand years glitter on those scales, and thus speaketh the mightiest of all dragons: "All the values of things glitter on me. All values have already been created, and all created values do I represent. Verily, there shall be no 'I will’any more." Thus speaketh the dragon.

My brethren, wherefore is there need of the lion in the spirit? Why sufficeth not the beast of burden, which renounceth and is reverent?

To create new values that, even the lion cannot yet accomplish: but to create itself freedom for new creating that can the might of the lion do.

To create itself freedom, and give a holy Nay even unto duty: for that, my brethren, there is need of the lion.

To assume the right to new values that is the most formidable assumption for a load-bearing and reverent spirit. Verily, unto such a spirit it is preying, and the work of a beast of prey.

As its holiest, it once loved "Thou-shalt": now is it forced to find illusion and arbitrariness even in the holiest things, that it may capture freedom from its love: the lion is needed for this capture.

But tell me, my brethren, what the child can do, which even the lion could not do? Why hath the preying lion still to become a child?

Innocence is the child, and forgetfulness, a new beginning, a game, a self-rolling wheel, a first movement, a holy Yea.

Aye, for the game of creating, my brethren, there is needed a holy Yea unto life: Its own will, willeth now the spirit; his own world winneth the world's outcast.

Three metamorphoses of the spirit have I designated to you: how the spirit became a camel, the camel a lion, and the lion at last a child.

Thus spake Zarathustra. And at that time he abode in the town which is called The Pied Cow.

查拉图斯特拉的演讲

现在，我来告诉你三种精神变形的方式：精神是如何变成一只骆驼，又从骆驼变成一头狮子，最后再从狮子变成一个小孩。

精神会被给予许多沉重的负担，强壮且能够承载负担的精神崇敬所担负的：精神所要求的沉重的和最为沉重的负担。

什么是沉重的？你可以去问问能够承载负担的精神，然后，像一头骆驼一样跪拜在它的面前，渴望获得沉重的重负。

那么英雄们，什么又是最沉重的呢？去问一问能够承载负担的精神，我会载着它，在我的力量之下尽情庆祝。

事实是不是这样的：为了损害某人的傲慢而当众羞辱他？为了模仿某人的智慧，而展现出他的愚蠢？

又或是这样的情况：当我们庆祝胜利的时候，我们抛弃了这一主张？为了寻找更加具有吸引力的事物，而攀爬高山？

又或是这样的情况：用知识的果实和青草喂养自己，为了顾及真相而忍受灵魂的饥饿？

又或是这样的情况：在身体虚弱的时候，拒绝接受安慰者的抚慰，并且结交一些永远听不到你的要求的聋子朋友？

又或是这样的情况：只要那是真相之水，不管它有多么的浑浊，他都会一跃而入，而不厌恶那些冰冷的青蛙和炽热的蛤蟆？

又或是这样的情况：去热爱那些轻视我们的人，当幽灵开始吓唬我们的时候，助它一臂之力？

所有沉重的负担，能够承载负担的精神扛起了重负：它就像那只骆驼一样，急匆匆地向荒野进发。

但是，在最孤寂的荒野上，他遇到了第二种变形：这里的精神变成了一头狮子；他一心想要抓住自由，并且成为这片荒野的统治者。

他在这里寻找他最后的主人：他要成为这里的主人以及最后的上帝的仇人；为了取得胜利，他需要同伟大的巨龙展开激烈的搏斗。

那个精神不再倾向于召唤统治者和上帝的伟大的巨龙究竟是谁？“你应该”是这只伟大的巨龙的名字。但是狮子的精神却说：“我想要。”

“你应该”就躺在路上，浑身散发着金灿灿的光芒，它是一条全身布满鳞片的怪物；他身上的每一处鳞片都闪耀着金色的光芒，“你应该！”

上千年的价值在这些鳞片上闪耀着光芒，因此，在所有的巨龙当中最强大的那只龙说道：“事物的所有价值全都在我的身上散发着光芒。所有已经被创造出来的价值，所有被创造出来的价值——那就是我。说真的，这里再也不会有什么‘我愿意了’。”伟大的巨龙如是说。

我的兄弟们，你们所需要的精神之狮究竟有什么意义啊？那个忍让、崇敬并且可以承担重负的骆驼难道还不够吗？为了创造新的价值——甚至狮子也不能完成这样的任务：但是为了新的创造而争取到的自由——这恰恰就是狮子所渴望拥有的力量。

为自身创造自由，并且为对抗义务找出一个神圣的否定理由：我的兄弟们，这就是狮子的工作。

得到新价值的权力——这对于一个能够承担重负、虔诚的精神来说，是最令人感到敬畏的假设。的确，施加在这样的精神之上的是掠夺以及凶残的野兽的行为。

从前，它曾深爱着那个被称为“你应该”的最为神圣的物种，但是，现在它迫不得已要去最崇高的事物中寻找假象，甚至是专横霸道。让它能够以牺牲爱情的代价来掠夺自由：狮子需要这样的掠夺。

但是，我的兄弟们，请告诉我，如果是连狮子都无法办到的事情，你还能指望小孩子做什么？为什么即使是这样，捕食猎物的狮子仍旧想要变成一个孩子？

孩子是天真无邪的、容易忘事的，一个全新的开始、一个游戏、一个自己滚动的轮子、一个原始的动作、一个神圣的肯定。

的确，我的兄弟们，在创造的游戏当中，生活对神圣的肯定的需要是必不可少的：现在，精神成了他的意愿；世界的遗弃者又获得了属于他自己的世界。

我在这里向你们说明了精神的三种变形：精神是如何变成一头骆驼，如何从一头骆驼变成一头狮子，最后又是如何从一头狮子变成一个小孩子的。

查拉图斯特拉如是说。就在那个时候，他抵临了那个被称为“花牛”的小城镇。