Unity 2018 Cookbook(Third Edition)
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Other material properties

It's also worth mentioning that Unity's Standard Shaders support other maps such as:

  • Normal Maps: The normal map adds detailed bumpiness into the Material, simulating a more complex geometry. For instance, the internal ring on the positive (top) node of the battery that illustrated shader workflows is not modeled in the 3D object's geometry, but rather created through a simple Normal Map.
  • Occlusion Maps: A greyscale map is used to simulate the dark sections of an object under ambient light. Usually, it is used to emphasize joints, creases, and other details of geometry.
  • Height Maps: These add a displacement effect, giving the impression of depth without the need for complex geometry.
  • Emission Maps: These add color emitted by the Material, as if self-illuminated, such as fluorescent surfaces or LCDs. Texture maps for Emission maps feature RGB channels for color.